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Evangelina Cosio y Cisneros
Evangelina Cosio y Cisneros (September 23, 1877 – April 29, 1970) was the focus of events that played out in the years 1896–1898 during the Cuban War of Independence. Her imprisonment as a rebel and escape from a Spanish jail in Cuba, with the assistance of the reporter, Karl Decker from William Randolph Hearst's ''New York Journal'', created wide interest in the United States press, as well as accusations of fraud and bribery.
== Early life and background ==
Evangelina Cosio was born on September 23, 1877, in Puerto Príncipe, Cuba.〔PROFILES OF SIGNIFICANT FIGURES IN THE HISTORY OF CUBA (PART TWO), Raul Quintana Suarez, www.eumed.net〕 She was the daughter of Augustin Cosio, who was an active participant in attempts to gain Cuban independence from Spain; Ms. Cosio's mother died when Evangelina was a child.〔New York Times, August 25, 1897〕 In 1895, the Cuban Revolution/War of Independence started under leadership of Cuban writer José Julian Martí in an attempt to overthrow Spanish rule.〔Perils of Evangelina@, American Heritage, Volume 19, Issue 2, 1968〕 In the summer of 1896, Augustin Cosio, as one of the rebel leaders, was captured and sent to a penal colony on the Cuban Isle of Pines (now known as Isle of Youth).〔 Evangelina Cosio accompanied him along with one of her sisters.〔Perils of Evangelina”, American Heritage, Volume 19, Issue 2, 1968〕
Initially the conditions on Isle of Pines were described by Ms. Cosio as relatively comfortable with Augustin living with his family in a small adobe house on the island.〔 However, the arrival of a new governor, Colonel José Berriz, resulted in the imposition of imprisonment for the father.〔The Story of Evangelina Cisneros (Evangelina Betancourt Cosio Y Cisneros)Frederic Remington, K. Decker, Evangelina Cisneros, General Domain (1898)〕 Evangelina appealed directly to the Governor, but according to Ms. Cosio, the Colonel apparently mistook her pleas for something romantic.〔 While there is much controversy as to the actual events, what is known is that the Colonel showed up at the young woman’s residence one night, and after making what she considered inappropriate advances, a commotion ensued.〔 The Colonel was briefly taken prisoner by associates of Evangelina, and he was in turn rescued by some of his troops.〔The Story of Evangelina Cisneros (Evangelina Betancourt Cosio Y Cisneros)Frederic Remington, K. Decker, Evangelina Cisneros, General Domain (1898〕 In short order she was charged with attempted murder and rebellion.〔 Evangelina subsequently denied any plot, and claimed she was solely attempting to protect herself from the Colonel’s advances,〔 Cuban sources have suggested she was part of the rebel cause and the episode was indeed part of a larger attempt to free prisoners to join the revolutionary forces.〔Teresa Prados Torreira,"Desatando las alas,"La mujer cubana en la Guerra de Independencia” Santiago 1998 p 273〕 The full truth is not known.
As a result of the incident, Evangelina Cosio was transferred from the Isle of Pines to a prison for women in Havana known as Casa de Recojidas, which had been given the reputation of being one of the most unpleasant jails in Cuba.〔George Clarke Musgrave, Under Three Flags in Cuba (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1899),〕
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